neutral to slightly alkaline pH and 20 % glycerol as cryoprotective agent.
Preservative
None
Storage
Store at -70°C or below. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Introduction
Parvovirus B19 infection is common among children and adults and is often asymptomatic. Parvovirus B19 infection can result in serious and occasionally fatal hematologic diseases in susceptible patients, and is the cause of fifth disease, a highly contagious infection of childhood. Parvovirus B19 can also infect the fetus causing severe anemia, congestive heart failure, and death in utero or at birth.
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Background
Parvovirus B19, also known as erythrovirus B19, belongs to the family Parvoviridae and the genus erythrovirus. The B19 virus is a non-enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded linear DNA genome. It is classified as an erythrovirus because it has the ability to infect red blood cell precursors in the bone marrow. This virus is responsible for causing childhood rash known as fifth disease or erythema infectiosum, which is commonly referred to as slapped cheek syndrome. Parvovirus infection is mainly spread by respiratory secretions and is most contagious in the early stages of infection before a rash is present. The VP2 protein is the major structural protein of Parvovirus B19 and forms the viral capsid, which encapsulates the viral DNA. Virus-like particles (VLPs) consist of a protein shell and are an emerging vaccine technology. They provide a representative presentation of viral antigens in vivo. Although highly immunogenic, VLPs are non-infectious as they lack the core genetic material of the virus. Another significant advantage of VLPs is their ability to effectively activate key aspects of the immune response, leading to potent immune stimulation and the development of immunological memory. VLP-based vaccines have demonstrated effective protection against various diseases and are currently utilized in the treatment of multiple conditions. Recombinant Parvovirus B19 VP2 VLPs have played a significant role in the field of diagnostics and vaccine development for Parvovirus B19. These VLPs serve as antigens, allowing the detection of B19-specific IgM and IgG antibodies through various immunoassay methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and immunofluorescence assays (IFAs). In addition, these VLPs have the potential as vaccine candidates against Parvovirus B19. The VLPs mimic the structure and surface properties of the native virus, eliciting a strong immune response when administered to individuals. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the immunogenicity and safety of VLP-based vaccines, highlighting their potential for preventing B19 infection and associated diseases.
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Parvovirus B19 is a small, non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus with global distribution. It is primarily known for being the causative agent of fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum, a common self-limiting childhood disease characterized by the development of a rash. During infection, it targets erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow, where it replicates and ultimately induces cellular apoptosis. In the correct patient population, it may be responsible for the development of arthropathy, aplastic crisis, nonimmune hydrops fetalis, viral-associated hepatitis, and myocarditis. However, most infections are asymptomatic and remain undetected. Here, we review the nature of this virus to provide information about its biology; interactions with the human host; how those interactions shape the clinical presentation; and, finally, the available diagnostic approaches.
Generation of a parvovirus B19 vaccine candidate
Vaccine
Authors: Chandramouli S, Medina-Selby A, Coit D, et al.
Parvovirus B19 is the causative agent of fifth disease in children, aplastic crisis in those with blood dyscrasias, and hydrops fetalis. Previous parvovirus B19 virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccine candidates were produced by co-infection of insect cells with two baculoviruses, one expressing wild-type VP1 and the other expressing VP2. In humans, the VLPs were immunogenic but reactogenic. We have developed new VLP-based parvovirus B19 vaccine candidates, produced by co-expressing VP2 and either wild-type VP1 or phospholipase-negative VP1 in a regulated ratio from a single plasmid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These VLPs are expressed efficiently, are very homogeneous, and can be highly purified. Although VP2 alone can form VLPs, in mouse immunizations, VP1 and the adjuvant MF59 are required to elicit a neutralizing response. Wild-type VLPs and those with phospholipase-negative VP1 are equivalently potent. The purity, homogeneity, yeast origin, and lack of phospholipase activity of these VLPs address potential causes of previously observed reactogenicity.
COA
Publication 
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